The MSDN topic will be updated soon, it has a number of minor errors.
For now the spec
is better. There are a limited number of ways to use ~ and ! which the spec talks about. The '$' mentioned in the docs is just wrong, you can't use it. The spec also gives a clear explanation of precedence.
Thanks.
From new doc:
------------------------------------------------
Operators made of the following are always prefix operators
Ø repeated !
Ø repeated ~
Other operators beginning with these characters are not permitted.
------------------------------------------------
So does that mean that "!@", which I've switched to and does work, is not supposed to work?
thanks
So does that mean that "!@", which I've switched to and does work, is not supposed to work?
Oh, oops, we have not yet released the RC version of the spec, which updates this. Yes, !@ is allowed as a prefix operator, and the updated spec will spell this out more clearly. Hopefully the spec update will arrive in the next couple weeks.
It's not a critical issue, but I also think having Prolog-like flexibility when defining custom operators would be nice in F#.
To me, one of the main advantages in using F# is that it is a wonderful language in which to design application and domain specific languages. But sometimes the syntax does get a little rough. Having more flexible operator definition would subsume a lot of cases into the core of F# that would now have to be handled by FSLex and FSYacc (wonderful tools in their own right).
But like I said, it's just a wish, not a deal-breaker.
-Neil
Yes. custom operator is very confusion in F#.
It seems that there is no way to define the precedence and many things have special meaning. Like '$' which cannot be used with anything else but can be by its own(is this a bug?) as from the error message, it should not be used at all but stand alone is allowed ? Again, I was trying to borrow the '$' from Haskell to make the code look nicer(yet again at the expense of some performance).
1
let $ f x = f x
Again, I was trying to borrow the '$' from Haskell to make the code look nicer(yet again at the expense of some performance).
1let $ f x = f x
In F# this is called "<|".
I remember I have issue with '<|' when used in a chain especially when '|>' is also involved. $ seems to have an even lower precedence.
> Yes. custom operator is very confusion in F#.
>It seems that there is no way to define the precedence and many things have special meaning
Although a completely custom op-name system is a nice-to-have, I'm perfectly happy to live within the rules at the moment - I just can't tell what they are from reading the docs or playing with the system.
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I just upgraded from 2010 B2 to the RC and was greeted by several hundred syntax errors due to custom operator name rules changing. I've having problems understanding how to fix things.
As an example, consider "~@" which was a prefix operator that was working fine and is no longer accepted. Looking at the (what I think are the most recent) docs, it seems like this should still be fine:
_________________________________________________________
Creating New Operators
You can overload all the standard operators, but you can also create new operators out of sequences of certain characters. Allowed operator characters are !, %, &, *, +, -, ., /, <, =, >, ?, @, ^, |, and ~. The ~ character has the special meaning of making an operator unary, and is not part of the operator character sequence
Depending on the exact character sequence you use, your operator will have a certain precedence and associativity. Associativity can be either left to right or right to left and is used whenever operators of the same level of precedence appear in sequence without parentheses.
Other combinations of operator characters that are not listed here can be used as operators and have names that are made up by concatenating names for the individual characters from the following table. _________________________________________________________
So it sounds from the docs as if "~@" should be fine, as a unary "@" operator - but, that only makes since if "~" is part of the op calling sequence (which is how I used in before), because otherwise "@" is binary. (I can no longer call "~@" directly.)
I assume now that what the docs mean is: "The ~ character has the special meaning of making an operator unary if the operator is defined such that it can be either unary or binary, or if the operator is a sequence of only tildes." Also, "Depending on the exact character sequence you use" is pretty vague - specifically, I'm assuming that the first character (other than ".") defines the prec & assoc of a custom (one not currently defined) operator, but this is not specified. (Edit: later on we see, "Typically, the first character of the operator determines whether the operator is an infix or a prefix operator." - but what are the "untypical" examples?) We also see the sentence "The operator characters . and $ are not used to determine whether an operator is an infix operator or a prefix operator; instead, the next character in the operator is used to determine this" - with no explanation anywhere of what "$" is supposed to mean. (We are told that "." is used a op/prec. neutral leading character.)
Even the following statement seems confusing: F# supports custom operator overloading. This means that you can define your own operators
Operator "overloading" means re-defining an existing operator - defining custom operators is another thing entirely, and is the source of the naming confusion.
Now, "!@" seems to work fine. However, "?@" (as "~@") does not, even though "!" and "?" seem to be in the same class of prefix operator characters.
These work: ? !? !@ !~ ~~~ !!? !!!
These do not: ?! ?@ ~@ ~~! ???
None of the names that work do so with a leading ".", despite the docs saying that they are a valid and neutral leading character.
It is true that I have not had any coffee nor have I been to the gym today, but if there's a pattern here can someone point it out? Can this be explained another way in the docs? (Hell, maybe even some code that given a string, returned a DU of |InvalidOperator |Prefix of int |Binary of int, would be good documentation.)
Sorry if I'm missing a key piece to the Grand Unified Operator Name Theory...
thanks!
NB: Given F#'s "LOP" following, I'd love to see an operator system that is simple and complete - such as Prolog's "op(++, xfy, 500). op(not, xf, 800)." style definitions. (No, trust me, I don't want F# to be Prolog - I'm justing saying that it's simple and you can do alot w/it re:DSL's w/o resorting to parsing yourself, especially seeing the reader and the printer both grok the operators.)